Pericardial access and risk of tamponade:
The need for alternatives to the needle. 

Large effusion: tamponade cannot be excluded
MRI Pericardial effusion, Dr. P. Alter (copyright)
Practical approach to pericardial disease
Subxiphoid approach with Tuohy needle
ESC Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Pericardial Diseases

 Small or no effusion: high risk of tamponade
MRI Normal pericardium, Dr. P. Alter (copyright)

Device for minimizing risk of tamponade:

PeriAttacher and AttachLifter

other developments for pericardial access:
 Subxiphoid:
PerDucer (Comedicus Inc)
Needle 21-gauge (Sun et al)
Blunt-tip needle 17-gauge (Sosa et al)
 
 Transvenous:
Transatrial (Verrier et al)
Transapex (March et al)

Carditis Net Taskforce 
WHF Taskforce
ESETCID trial
Myocardial & Pericardial Disease 2007
Pericardiology book

Links 
Picornaviruses
Cytomegalovirus
Adenoviruses
Immunology pictures
Hematopathology

Home

Sites maintained by us:
www.cardiorepair.com
www.cleverfood.com
www.carditis.com
www.herzzentrum-marburg.de
web.uni-marburg.de/herzzentrum
www.cardiorepair.uni-marburg.de

Updated: July 14, 2008